МАСТЕР-КЛАСС ПО ТЕМЕ

«АКТИВИЗАЦИЯ НАВЫКОВ

СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯ

НА УРОКАХ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА»

Учитель английского языка

Истепановап Ш.Х.

WORD BUILDING BY USING PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES

Word-building is one of the main ways of enriching vocabulary.

There are four main ways of word-building in modern English: affixation,

composition, conversion, abbreviation.

AFFIXATION

Affixation is one of the most productive ways of word-building throughout the

history of English.

It consists in adding an affix to the stem of a definite part of speech. Affixation is

divided into suffixation and prefixation.

Suffixation

The main function of suffixes in Modern English is to form one part of speech

from another, the secondary function is to change the lexical meaning of the same

part of speech.

E.g. «educate» is a verb, «educatee» is a noun, and « music» is a noun,

«musicdom» is also a noun.

Prefixation

Prefixation is the formation of words by means of adding a prefix to the stem. In

English it is characteristic for forming verbs.

The main function of prefixes in English is to change the lexical meaning of the

same part of speech.

Affixes and roots

Adding affixes to existing words (the base or root) to form new words is common

in academic English. Prefixes are added to the front of the base (like - dislike),

whereas suffixes are added to the end of the base (active -

activate). Prefixes

usually do not change the class of the base word, but suffixes usually do change

the class of the word.

Verbs

The most common prefixes used to form new verbs in academic English are: re-,

dis-, over-, un-, mis-, out-.

The most common suffixes are: -ise, -en, -ate, -(i)fy. By far the most common

affix in academic English is -ise.

Prefix + verb = verb

The most common prefixes used to form new verbs in academic English are: re-,

dis-, over-, un-, mis-, out-.

re- (again or back): restructure, revisit, reappear, rebuild, refinance

dis- (reverses the meaning of the verb): disappear, disconnect, discontinue

over- (too much ): overbook, oversleep, overwork

mis- (badly or wrongly): mislead, misinform, misidentify, misunderstand

Suffix used to form verbs with the meaning "cause to be"

The most common suffixes are: -ise, -en, -ate, -(i)fy. By far the most common affix

in academic English is -ise

. Pay attention to changes in SPELLING: “y” often becomes “i / final “e”

often disappears.

Suffix

Example

-ise

stabilise,

characterise,

symbolise,

visualise,

specialise

-ate

differentiate,

liquidate,

pollinate,

duplicate,

fabricate

-fy

classify, examplify, simplify, justify

-en

awaken, fasten, shorten, moisten

Nouns

The most common prefixes used to form new nouns in academic English are: co-

and sub-.

The most common suffixes are: -tion, -ity, -er, -ness, -ism, -ment, -ant, -ship, -age,

-ery. By far the most common noun affix in academic English is -tion.

Prefix + noun = noun

Prefix

Meaning

Examples

co-

joint

c o - f o u n d e r,

c o - o w n e r,

c o -

descendant

dis-

the

converse of

discomfort, dislike

ex-

former

ex-chairman, ex-hunter

hyper

extreme

hyperinflation, hypersurface

under-

below,

too

little

underpayment, under-development,

undergraduate

Adjectives



Many adjectives are formed from a base of a different class with a suffix

(e.g. -less, -ous). Adjectives can also be formed from other adjectives, especially

by the negative prefixes (un-, in- and non-).



The most common suffixes are -al, -ent, -ive, -ous, -ful, -less.

Verb or noun + suffix = adjective

Suffix

Example

-al

central,

political,

national,

opt i onal ,

professional

-ent

different, dependent, excellent

-ive

attractive, effective, imaginative, repetitive

-less

endless, homeless, careless, thoughtless

Mixed Building



e.g. base with both prefix and suffix



Adjectives:

uncomfortable,

unavoidable,

unimaginative,

inactive,

semi-

circular



Nouns: disappointment, misinformation, reformulation



UN + employ + ED = UNEMPLOYED (the verb becomes an adjective with

a negative meaning)

PREFIXES and SUFFIXES

Task: Add PREFIX and/or SUFFIX to the words below and put them in the correct

sentence. In brackets you'll find some information on the parts of speech to use.

PROBABLE COMMUNICATE AGREE CURIOUS ANGER

HEALTH

RESPONSIBLE FAME HELP LIKE CAREFUL CONCLUDE

a) The lights are green, but nobody is moving.

He is so _________ . (adjective)

b) Don't you know that saying "________ killed the cat?“

(noun)

c) I think you should drive more_________. You're scaring me. (adverb)

d) She is a very _________ TV star. (adjective)

e) They have different opinions on the subject. Their _________ will

last forever. (noun with a negative meaning)

f) Brian is always late for work. He is so _______________. (adjective with a

negative meaning)

g) This Math problem is very difficult. Mary didn't come to any _____________.

(noun)

h) He can't see the banana peel. He will _____________ slip and fall. (adverb)

i) You shouldn't eat so much junk food. It's very _____________. (adjective with

a negative meaning)

j) Thanks for finding my cat. You're a very ______________ young man.

(adjective)

k) My parents are always fighting. There is no ______________ between them

anymore.

(noun)

l) I really ____________my packed lunch.

It doesn't smell so nice. (verb with a negative meaning)

Рефлексия

Продолжите фразы:

Мастер-класс был……

На мастер-классе я научился….

Методы и приемы активизации познавательной деятельности учащихся

можно …

Я оцениваю мастер-класс…

Свою работу на мастер-классе я оцениваю…